Résumé : |
Due to the global warming and rapid urbanization in the developing world, it is expected an increase on the humanitarian needs. Logistics is an essential tool for facing disaster relief operations because it acts to optimize the assistance at a given place to meet the needs as soon as possible. Indeed, in humanitarian actions, delays can cost lives, and in general, due to an unpredictable working environment and very short lead time, the logistics decisions are made under a high uncertainty. The main issue of humanitarian logistics operations is that, in both man‐made and natural disaster relief, there is a lack of coordination between actors, which affects performance in terms of reliability and reactivity. We study how horizontal and vertical collaboration in humanitarian supply chains may help to reduce the inefficiencies born of the uncertainty. The goal of the paper is to propose strategies to improve collaboration between actors for mitigating the effect of humanitarian crisis. For the methodology, we analyze the causes of the collaboration failures. In order to understand the effects of collaboration humanitarian logistics, we study our main insights by analyzing two case studies (the hurricane Katrina (2005) and the hurricane Irma (2017)). Our results provide evidence on a classification of recommendations under their influence on the improvement of the collaboration and on the tradeoffs between different types of collaboration. Our paper contributes to the suggestion of solutions of collaboration, which may be used for future humanitarian response operations. |