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Titre : Macroeconomics Type de document : e-book Auteurs : Felipe Larraín B. Editeur : MIT PRESS Année de publication : 2020 ISBN/ISSN/EAN : 9780262538572 Note générale : copyrighted Langues : Anglais (eng) Résumé : An accessible introduction to the basics of macroeconomics and how it affects the local and global economies. Macroeconomics takes a broad perspective on the economy of a country or region; it studies economic changes in the aggregate, collecting data on production, unemployment, inflation, consumption, investment, trade, and other aspects of national and international economic life. Policymakers depend on macroeconomists' knowledge when making decisions about such issues as taxes and the public budget, monetary and exchange rate policies, and trade policies?all of which, in turn, affect decisions made by individuals and businesses. This volume in the MIT Press Essential Knowledge series offers an introduction to the basics of macroeconomics accessible to the noneconomist. Readers will gain the tools to interpret such economic events as the 2008 financial meltdown, the subsequent euro crisis, and the current protectionist dynamics seen in some developed countries. The author, an academic economist and two-time Chilean Finance Minister, devotes a substantial part of his analysis to economic development, explaining why some countries achieve continuing economic growth while others become stagnant. He discusses the links between economic activity and employment; employment and unemployment rates; factors behind economic growth; money, inflation, and exchange rate systems; fiscal deficits; balance of payment crises; consumption and savings; investment decisions; fiscal policy; and the process of globalization and its macroeconomic implications. Nombre d'accès : Illimité En ligne : http://library.ez.neoma-bs.fr/login?url=https://www.scholarvox.com/book/88881518 Permalink : https://cataloguelibrary.neoma-bs.fr/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=503633
Titre : Making Time on Mars Type de document : e-book Auteurs : Zara MIRMALEK Editeur : MIT PRESS Année de publication : 2020 ISBN/ISSN/EAN : 9780262043854 Note générale : copyrighted Langues : Anglais (eng) Résumé : An examination of how the daily work of NASA's Mars Exploration Rovers was organized across three sites on two planets using local Mars time. In 2004, mission scientists and engineers working with NASA's Mars Exploration Rovers (MER) remotely operated two robots at different sites on Mars for ninety consecutive days. An unusual feature of this successful mission was that it operated on Mars time?the daily work was organized across three sites on two planets according to two Martian time zones. In Making Time on Mars, Zara Mirmalek shows that this involved more than a resetting of wristwatches; the team's struggle to synchronize with Mars time involved technological and communication breakdowns, informal workarounds, and extra work to support the technology that was intended to support people. Her account of how NASA created an entirely new temporality for the MER mission offers insights about the assumptions behind the organizational relationship between clock time and work. Mirmalek, herself a member of the mission team, offers an insider's view of the MER workplace and community. She describes the discord among MER's multiple temporalities and examines issues of professional identity that helped shape the experience of working according to Mars time. Considering time and work relationships through a multidisciplinary lens, Mirmalek shows how contemporary and historical human?technology relationships inform assumptions about the unalterability of clock time. She argues that the organizational connection between clock time and work, although still operational, is outdated. Nombre d'accès : Illimité En ligne : http://library.ez.neoma-bs.fr/login?url=https://www.scholarvox.com/book/88883402 Permalink : https://cataloguelibrary.neoma-bs.fr/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=505551
Titre : Our Moral Fate : Evolution and the Escape from Tribalism Type de document : e-book Auteurs : Allen BUCHANAN Editeur : MIT PRESS Année de publication : 2020 ISBN/ISSN/EAN : 9780262043748 Note générale : copyrighted Langues : Anglais (eng) Résumé : A provocative and probing argument showing how human beings can for the first time in history take charge of their moral fate. Is tribalism?the political and cultural divisions between Us and Them?an inherent part of our basic moral psychology? Many scientists link tribalism and morality, arguing that the evolved ?moral mind? is tribalistic. Any escape from tribalism, according to this thinking, would be partial and fragile, because it goes against the grain of our nature. In this book, Allen Buchanan offers a counterargument: the moral mind is highly flexible, capable of both tribalism and deeply inclusive moralities, depending on the social environment in which the moral mind operates. We can't be morally tribalistic by nature, Buchanan explains, because quite recently there has been a remarkable shift away from tribalism and toward inclusiveness, as growing numbers of people acknowledge that all human beings have equal moral status, and that at least some nonhumans also have moral standing. These are what Buchanan terms the Two Great Expansions of moral regard. And yet, he argues, moral progress is not inevitable but depends partly on whether we have the good fortune to develop as moral agents in a society that provides the right conditions for realizing our moral potential. But morality need not depend on luck. We can take charge of our moral fate by deliberately shaping our social environment?by engaging in scientifically informed ?moral institutional design.? For the first time in human history, human beings can determine what sort of morality is predominant in their societies and what kinds of moral agents they are. Nombre d'accès : Illimité En ligne : http://library.ez.neoma-bs.fr/login?url=https://www.scholarvox.com/book/88882264 Permalink : https://cataloguelibrary.neoma-bs.fr/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=504327
Titre : Quantum Entanglement Type de document : e-book Auteurs : Jed BRODY Editeur : MIT PRESS Année de publication : 2020 ISBN/ISSN/EAN : 9780262538442 Note générale : copyrighted Langues : Anglais (eng) Résumé : An exploration of quantum entanglement and the ways in which it contradicts our everyday assumptions about the ultimate nature of reality. Quantum physics is notable for its brazen defiance of common sense. (Think of Schrödinger's Cat, famously both dead and alive.) An especially rigorous form of quantum contradiction occurs in experiments with entangled particles. Our common assumption is that objects have properties whether or not anyone is observing them, and the measurement of one can't affect the other. Quantum entanglement called by Einstein spooky action at a distance rejects this assumption, offering impeccable reasoning and irrefutable evidence of the opposite. Is quantum entanglement mystical, or just mystifying? In this volume in the MIT Press Essential Knowledge series, Jed Brody equips readers to decide for themselves. He explains how our commonsense assumptions impose constraints?from which entangled particles break free. Brody explores such concepts as local realism, Bell's inequality, polarization, time dilation, and special relativity. He introduces readers to imaginary physicists Alice and Bob and their photon analyses; points out that it's easier to reject falsehood than establish the truth; and reports that some physicists explain entanglement by arguing that we live in a cross-section of a higher-dimensional reality. He examines a variety of viewpoints held by physicists, including quantum decoherence, Niels Bohr's Copenhagen interpretation, genuine fortuitousness, and QBism. This relatively recent interpretation, an abbreviation of quantum Bayesianism, holds that there's no such thing as an absolutely accurate, objective probability out there, that quantum mechanical probabilities are subjective judgments, and there's no action at a distance, spooky or otherwise. Nombre d'accès : Illimité En ligne : http://library.ez.neoma-bs.fr/login?url=https://www.scholarvox.com/book/88880006 Permalink : https://cataloguelibrary.neoma-bs.fr/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=501719 Science and the Production of Ignorance : When the Quest for Knowledge Is Thwarted / Janet KOURANY / MIT PRESS (2020)
Titre : Science and the Production of Ignorance : When the Quest for Knowledge Is Thwarted Type de document : e-book Auteurs : Janet KOURANY Editeur : MIT PRESS Année de publication : 2020 ISBN/ISSN/EAN : 9780262538213 Note générale : copyrighted Langues : Anglais (eng) Résumé : An introduction to the new area of ignorance studies that examines how science produces ignorance?both actively and passively, intentionally and unintentionally. We may think of science as our foremost producer of knowledge, but for the past decade, science has also been studied as an important source of ignorance. The historian of science Robert Proctor has coined the term agnotology to refer to the study of ignorance, and much of the ignorance studied in this new area is produced by science. Whether an active or passive construct, intended or unintended, this ignorance is, in Proctor's words, ?made, maintained, and manipulated? by science. This volume examines forms of scientific ignorance and their consequences. A dialogue between Proctor and Peter Galison offers historical context, presenting the concerns and motivations of pioneers in the field. Essays by leading historians and philosophers of science examine the active construction of ignorance by biased design and interpretation of experiments and empirical studies, as seen in the ?false advertising? by climate change deniers; the ?virtuous? construction of ignorance?for example, by curtailing research on race- and gender-related cognitive differences; and ignorance as the unintended by-product of choices made in the research process, when rules, incentives, and methods encourage an emphasis on the beneficial and commercial effects of industrial chemicals, and when certain concepts and even certain groups' interests are inaccessible in a given conceptual framework. Contributors Martin Carrier, Carl F. Cranor, Peter Galison, Paul Hoyningen-Huene, Philip Kitcher, Janet Kourany, Hugh Lacey, Robert Proctor, Londa Schiebinger, Miriam Solomon, Torsten Wilholt Nombre d'accès : Illimité En ligne : http://library.ez.neoma-bs.fr/login?url=https://www.scholarvox.com/book/88880008 Permalink : https://cataloguelibrary.neoma-bs.fr/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=501721 PermalinkPermalinkThe Alchemy of Us : How Humans and Matter Transformed One Another / Ainissa RAMIREZ / MIT PRESS (2020)PermalinkThe Infographic : A History of Data Graphics in News and Communications / Murray DICK / MIT PRESS (2020)PermalinkPermalinkToo Smart : How Digital Capitalism is Extracting Data, Controlling Our Lives, and Taking Over the World / Jathan SADOWSKI / MIT PRESS (2020)PermalinkPermalinkPermalinkPermalinkPermalinkAll Data Are Local : Thinking Critically in a Data-Driven Society / Yanni Alexander LOUKISSAS / MIT PRESS (2019)PermalinkPermalinkPermalinkBeyond the Valley : How Innovators around the World are Overcoming Inequality and Creating the Technologies of Tomorrow / Ramesh SRINIVASAN / MIT PRESS (2019)PermalinkA Billion Little Pieces : RFID and Infrastructures of Identification / Jordan FRITH / MIT PRESS (2019)PermalinkBridging Silos : Collaborating for Environmental Health and Justice in Urban Communities / Katrina Smith KORFMACHER / MIT PRESS (2019)PermalinkPermalinkPermalinkPermalinkCybernetics or Control and Communication in the Animal and the Machine / Norbert WIENER / MIT PRESS (2019)Permalink
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